How to Decode a Car’s VIN Number (And Why It Matters for Buyers)

2025-03-24

What is a VIN Number?

A Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) is a unique 17-character code assigned to every car manufactured after 1981. This alphanumeric sequence acts as the vehicle's fingerprint, containing crucial information about its origin, specifications, and history.

For car buyers, understanding a VIN can help verify authenticity, prevent scams, and ensure the vehicle matches its description.

Where to Find the VIN on a Car

You can usually locate the VIN in one or more of the following places:

Dashboard (visible through the windshield on the driver’s side)
Driver’s side door frame (inside the pillar when you open the door)
Engine bay (stamped on the firewall)
Under the bonnet (on a metal plate)
Vehicle registration papers and insurance documents

How to Decode a VIN Number

A VIN is made up of 17 characters, each with specific meaning. Here’s a breakdown:

1. World Manufacturer Identifier (WMI) - First 3 Characters

This identifies the car's country of origin and manufacturer.

J = Japan (e.g., Toyota, Mazda)
W = Germany (e.g., Mercedes-Benz, BMW)
1, 4, 5 = USA (e.g., Ford, Tesla, Chevrolet)
6 = Australia (e.g., Holden)
Z = Italy (e.g., Ferrari, Lamborghini)

2. Vehicle Descriptor Section (VDS) - Characters 4-9

This section provides specific details about the vehicle, such as:

Model
Body type (sedan, SUV, ute, etc.)
Engine type
Transmission
Safety features

3. Vehicle Identifier Section (VIS) - Characters 10-17

This includes the model year, production plant, and unique serial number.

10th Character: Model YearExample: 'N' = 2022, 'P' = 2023, 'R' = 2024
11th Character: Manufacturing Plant Code
12-17th Characters: Unique Serial Number

Why is the VIN Important for Car Buyers?

Checking the VIN before buying a car can help you:

✅ Verify the Vehicle’s History

A VIN check can reveal past accidents, insurance claims, and whether the car was written off or stolen. You can check a vehicle's history through PPSR (Personal Property Securities Register) or services like CarHistory and REVS Check.

✅ Confirm the Car’s Authenticity

Make sure the VIN on the vehicle matches the one on registration papers and compliance plates.

✅ Identify Recalls or Safety Issues

Manufacturers issue recalls for safety defects. A VIN lookup can help check if a vehicle has an unresolved recall.

✅ Ensure You’re Buying the Right Model

The VIN can confirm the car’s year, trim, and engine type, ensuring it matches the seller's description.

How to Run a VIN Check in Australia

To check a car's VIN, you can use:

PPSR Check: www.ppsr.gov.au
Transport for NSW REVS Check: www.service.nsw.gov.au
National Exchange of Vehicle and Driver Information System (NEVDIS): www.nevdissystem.com.au

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